Vocabulary of Concepts of Ch.33 Animal tissue.

adhering junction: Junction where a mass of anchored proteins help adjoining cells adhere.

adipose tissue: A connective tissue having an abundance of fat-storing cells.

blood: Fluid connective tissue of water, solutes, and formed elements (blood cells, platelets). Transports substances to and from cells, helps maintain internal environment.

Bone tissue: Of vertebrate skeleton, a tissue of osteoblast secretions hardened with minerals.

cardiac muscle tissue: A contractile tissue that is present only in the heart wall.

Cartilage: Connective tissue with solid, pliable intercellular material that resists compression.

dense, irregular connective tissue: Animal tissue with fibroblasts, many asymmetrically positioned fibers in ground substance. In skin and some capsules around organs.

dense, regular connective tissue: Animal tissue with rows of fibroblasts between parallel bundles of fibers. In tendons, elastic ligaments.

ectoderm: The first-formed, outermost primary tissue layer of animal embryos; gives rise to nervous system tissues and integument's outer layer.

Endocrine gland: Ductless gland that secretes hormones, which the bloodstream distributes.

endoderm: Inner primary tissue layer of animal embryos; source of inner gut lining and derived organs.

Epithelium: Animal tissue that covers external surfaces and lines internal cavities and tubes. One surface is free and the other rests on a basement membrane.

exocrine gland: Glandular structure that secretes products, usually through ducts or tubes, to a free epithelial surface.

Gap junction: Cylindrical arrays of proteins in the plasma membrane that pair up as open channels for signals between adjoining cells.

GLand cell: A cell that secretes products unrelated to their own metabolism for use elsewhere

Homeostasis: State in which physical and chemical aspects of internal environment (blood, interstitial fluid) are being maintained within ranges suitable for cell activities.

Internal environment: Blood + interstitial fluid.

Mesoderm: Primary tissue layer of all large, complex animals; gives rise to many internal organs and part of the integument.

Nervous tissue: Connective tissue composed of neurons and often neuroglia.

Neuroglia: Collectively, cells that structurally and metabolically support neurons. They make up about half the volume of nervous tissue in vertebrates.

Neuron: Type of nerve cell; basic communication unit in most nervous systems.

Organ: Body structure with definite form and function that consists of more than one tissue.

organ system: Organs interacting chemically, physically, or both in a common task.

Skeletal muscle tissue: Striated contractile tissue that is the functional partner of bone.

Smooth muscle tissue: Nonstriated contractile tissue found in soft internal organs.

Tight junction: Cell junction where strands of fibrous proteins oriented in parallel with a tissue's free surface collectively block leaks between the adjoining cells.

Tissue: Of multicelled organisms, a group of cells and intercellular substances that function together in one or more specialized tasks.